閃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)直接擊中建筑物(wu).地球(qiu)或防雷裝置的(de)(de)熱效(xiao)應.電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)應和機械力,瞬時(shi)擊傷人(ren)畜,有的(de)(de)擊中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備(bei)造成(cheng)損壞(huai);球(qiu)形雷表現為雷擊成(cheng)紅光(guang)或亮白光(guang)的(de)(de)火球(qiu),可(ke)通過門(men).窗.煙囪等侵入室內,危(wei)(wei)害大;雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)應是閃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)附近導體產生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁和靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)應,使金屬(shu)(shu)部件之間(jian)產生火花,損壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備(bei);雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)侵入波是指雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對架空(kong)線(xian)路或金屬(shu)(shu)管道的(de)(de)作用(yong),可(ke)沿管道侵入房屋,損壞(huai)設備(bei),危(wei)(wei)及人(ren)身安危(wei)(wei)。